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Laser Module FAQ: Laser Module, laser pointer Specifications Wavelength: Usually, closer to 540nm is better since visibility is a strong function of wavelength. However, the variability can be significant - a laser pointer at 640 nm could indeed be closer to 650 nm and there's almost a 2:1 ratio of relative brightness. Or 450 nm blue laser could be much brighter than 405 nm......more What's Inside a Laser Module? A common red or blue laser pointer module contains the following components Laser diode. The laser modules had the laser diode in its own 5 or 9 mm can package   Laser power driver circuit. Many of the visible laser diodes used in laser modules have very precise current requirements Collimating/correcting optics. At the very least, there must be a lens to convert the highly divergent beam from the bare laser diode to one that is roughly parallel......more Green (or Other Color) Laser Modules Currently, the green laser pointers and modules are based on Diode Pumped Solid State (DPSS) laser technology. They are not just red laser pointers with a different laser diode or green lens!   Visibility of these green pointers is 4 to 5 times that of 635 nm diode lasers, which in turn appear 6 or 7 times brighter than the older 670 nm laser diode based laser pointers for the same power output. The maximum legal green laser pointer power is still only 5 mW but this would be equivalent in brightness to something like a 150 mW, 670 nm device! ......more Difference Between Diode Laser Modules and Laser Pointers A collimated diode laser module and pocket laser pointer both produce a spot of light. So why the typical huge difference in price? Diode laser modules are more of a specialty item used inside other equipment and for optics research and development or special design for customers' requirements. Production volumes are not as high. They usually (but not always) have high quality driver circuits designed to protect the sensitive laser diode from moderate abuse - noisy power, for example. Many have high quality optics including additional elements for correction of the laser diode aberrations......more   Laser Diode FAQ: Introduction to Diode Laser and Laser Diode The terms 'laser diode' and 'diode laser' somewhat can be used interchangeably. Usually we tend to use the term 'diode laser' when referring to a complete system or module. The 'laser diode' generally called as the device, refers to the combination of the semiconductor chip that does the actual lasing along with a monitor photodiode chip......more Typical Laser Diodes The most common laser diodes of visible wavelength have 635nm, 650nm for red laser, and 405nm, 445nm for blue laser. As the green laser diode, it's still in developing period. Most green laser still use the DPSS(Diode Pumped Solid State) way to create the 532nm laser by 808nm laser diode.......more Diode Laser Safety As the CE of Europe safety rule requests class 1 <0.39mW, class 2 <1mW of collimated laser for the consumer products would emit the laser to the eyes. And the FDA of USA allow the class 3A <5mW for the consumer products. As the detail safety rules would be different for different applications and area, you also can contact EGISMOS to inquire........more Beam Characteristics of Laser Diodes Unlike the helium-neon and other common gas lasers, the raw output beam from an edge emitting (also called Fabry-Perot or FP) laser diode is highly divergent and suffers from two asymmetries: astigmatism and an elliptical beam profile. The beam is also inherently linearly polarized. ......more   Photo Diode FAQ How a Photodiode Works photodiode receives light. The photodiode is a type of photo detector capable of converting light into either current or voltage, depending upon the mode of operation. The photodiode can captures variations of light intensity and pick up a signal carried by a modulated light beam....more The Photodiode Features Responsivity and Response Time The ratio of generated photo current to incident light power, typically expressed in A/W when used in photoconductive mode. The responsivity may also be expressed as the ratio of the number of photogenerated carriers to incident photons and thus a unitless quantity. And the response time of photodiode would be the limitation for high frequency application.......more Applications Photodiodes are used in consumer electronics devices such as compact disc players, smoke detectors, and the receivers for remote controls. Photodiodes are often used for accurate measurement of light intensity in science and industry. They generally have a better, more linear response than photoconductors......more High Power DPSS Laser FAQ: What's DPSS Laser Module? Diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers are solid-state lasers made by pumping a solid gain medium, for example, a ruby or a neodymium-doped YAG crystal, with a laser diode. DPSS lasers have advantages in compactness and efficiency over other types, and high power DPSS lasers have replaced ion lasers and flashlamp-pumped lasers in many applications, and are now appearing commonly in green laser module, other color laser pointers, high power laser modules and infrared laser modules......more The DPSS Green Laser Module The most common DPSS laser in use is the 532nm green laser module. A powerful (>200mW 808nm wavelength infrared laser diode pumps a neodymium doped yttrium orthvanadate (Nd:YVO4) crystal which produces 1064nm wavelength light from the main spectral transition of neodymium ion. This light is then frequency doubled using a nonlinear optical process in a KTP crystal, producing 532nm light. Green DPSS laser module are usually around 20% efficient, although some lasers have been reported to be 35% efficient. In other words, a green DPSS laser module using a 500mW pump laser diode would be expected to output around 100mW of 532nm laser light.......more Other Color Laser Modules Blue DPSS lasers use a nearly identical process, except that the 808nm laser light is being converted to 946nm light, which is then frequency-doubled to 473nm. Violet DPSS lasers at 404nm have been produced which directly double the output of a 1000mW 808nm pump laser diode, for a violet light output of 120mW (12% efficiency). These blue lasers can be replaced by 120mW gallium nitide (GaN) direct 405nm Blue-ray diode lasers now. Yellow DPSS lasers use an even more complicated process: A 808nm pump laser diode is used to generate 1,064nm and 1,342nm laser light, which is summed to become 593.5nm........more The Q-Switched Laser and Pulsed High Power Laser Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation, is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output laser beam. The technique allows the production of laser pulses with extremely high peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode. Q-switched lasers are often used in applications which demand high laser intensities in nanosecond pulses, such as metal cutting or pulsed holography. Q-switched lasers can also be used for measurement purposes, such as for distance measurements ( range finding)......more

 

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